Rapid report of the 8 January 2022 ​MS 6.9 Menyuan earthquake,Qinghai, China     

Hongfeng Yang  Dun Wang  Rumeng Guo  Mengyu Xie  Yang Zang  Yue Wang  Qiang Yao  Chuang Cheng  Yanru An  Yingying Zhang 《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(1):100113

The M_S 6.9 Menyuan earthquake in Qinghai Province, west China is the largest earthquake by far in 2022. The earthquake occurs in a tectonically active region, with a background b-value of 0.87 within 100 ?km of the epicenter that we derived from the unified catalog produced by China Earthquake Networks Center since late 2008. Field surveys have revealed surface ruptures extending 22 ?km along strike, with a maximum ground displacement of 2.1 ?m. We construct a finite fault model with constraints from InSAR observations, which showed multiple fault segments during the Menyuan earthquake. The major slip asperity is confined within 10 ?km at depth, with the maximum slip of 3.5 ?m. Near real-time back-projection results of coseismic radiation indicate a northwest propagating rupture that lasted for ～10 ?s. Intensity estimates from the back-projection results show up to a Mercalli scale of IX near the ruptured area, consistent with instrumental measurements and the observations from the field surveys. Aftershock locations (up to January 21, 2022) exhibit two segments, extending to ～20 ?km in depth. The largest one reaches M_S 5.3, locating near the eastern end of the aftershock zone. Although the location and the approximate magnitude of the mainshock had been indicated by previous studies based on paleoearthquake records and seismic gap, as well as estimated stressing rate on faults, significant surface-breaching rupture leads to severe damage of the high-speed railway system, which poses a challenge in accurately assessing earthquake hazards and risks, and thus demands further investigations of the rupture behaviors for crustal earthquakes.  相似文献   

Global characteristics of ambient seismic noise     

Li  Xiaomeng  Xu  Yan  Xie  Chaodi  Sun  Shanshan 《Journal of Seismology》2022,26(2):343-358

Journal of Seismology - Ambient seismic noise becomes more and more important and helpful on assisting velocity model inversion, earthquake detection, and ground motion prediction. Based on the...  相似文献   

Design of optimal sand fences around a desert solar park—a case study from Phase IV of the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park     

Yao  Zhengyi  Xiao  Jianhua  Xie  Xiaosong  Zhu  Haijun  Qu  Jianjun 《Natural Hazards》2022,113(1):673-697

Natural Hazards - Solar energy parks in desert areas must resist the encroachment of moving sand and burial by migrating dunes. It is therefore important to design economical, effective sand fences...  相似文献   

川滇黔二叠系铅锌成矿物质来源：C-H-O-S-Pb同位素制约——以云南太平子铅锌矿为例          下载免费PDF全文

丁伟品  谢财富  黄诚  张斌  辛卓  詹华思  郑立龙  孔凡全  王红兵  黄福林 《中国地质》2022,49(6):1845-1861

【研究目的】川滇黔地区铅锌矿成因具有多样性,特别是与峨眉山玄武岩的关系存在较大的争议,本文从前人关注较少的二叠系碳酸盐岩中的铅锌矿入手,研究成矿物质来源。【研究方法】以云南寻甸县太平子铅锌矿为研究对象,运用S、Pb、C、H、O同位素实验数据及流体包裹体测温等方法,对成矿物质来源及成矿流体特征进行探讨。【研究结果】矿石铅同位素组成比较均一,分布集中,²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb、²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb、²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb的变化范围分别为18.543～18.584、15.646～15.694、38.799～38.958,属于正常普通铅,具壳源特征,主要来源于基底岩石,水岩反应可能使赋矿围岩贡献少量的成矿物质。矿石硫化物δ³⁴S变化范围为-13.6‰～-7.3‰,方铅矿的δ³⁴S高于闪锌矿,硫同位素分馏并未达到平衡,生物成因硫酸盐还原作用（BSR）是还原硫的主要来源。热液方解石δ¹³C_V-PDB范围为3.8‰～4.7‰,δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW范围为12.0‰～16.7‰,相较于滇东北其他重要的铅锌矿床,具有明显的低δD、高δ¹⁸O_fluid特点,成矿流体中的水主要来源于岩浆水和有机水的混合,具有中—高温、低盐度特征。【结论】太平子铅锌矿在成矿物质、流体、成矿温度等均与区域上其他典型铅锌矿有较明显差别,具有典型的岩浆-热液成因特点。  相似文献   

干热岩压裂建造人工热储发展现状及建议     

解经宇  王丹  李宁  王振宇  付国强  金显鹏  明圆圆 《地质科技情报》2022,41(3):321-329

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基坑开挖对涉支护结构下穿盾构隧道变形的三维模拟与影响规律研究     

谢晟  韦巡洲 《江苏地质》2022,46(2):214-220

依托某大厦基坑支护工程项目,研究深厚软土地层中基坑开挖对涉支护结构下穿盾构隧道变形的影响规律。采用三维有限元数值模拟分析隧道顶部支护桩的长度对支护结构变形和隧道隆起的影响,并将数值模拟结果与现场监测结果进行对比。结果表明：深厚软土地层中基坑开挖对下穿盾构隧道产生了较大的隆起变形;因下穿隧道的影响,隧道顶部支护桩嵌固深度的减小对支护结构的变形和下穿隧道的隆起会产生重要影响,当支护桩底与隧道顶的竖向间距S＞4 m或支护桩边缘与隧道边缘的水平间距S1＞4 m 时,支护桩的踢脚位移和下穿隧道的隆起变形迅速增加。研究成果可为类似工程提供应用参考和理论支撑。  相似文献   

Modeling of the Correlation Between Mineral Size and Shale Pore Structure at Meso- and Macroscales     

Zhou  W. D.  Xie  S. Y.  Bao  Z. Y.  Carranza  E. J. M.  Wang  Y.  Tang  M. L. 《Mathematical Geosciences》2022,54(1):131-150

Mathematical Geosciences - Inorganic pore structures are critical to understand the oil and gas transport and storage properties of unconventional reservoirs. However, it can be difficult to...  相似文献   

Stability analysis of seabed strata and casing structure during the natural gas hydrates exploitation by depressurization in horizontal wells in South China Sea     

Peng-fei Xie  Lin Yang  Qian-yong Liang  Xu-hui Zhang  Liang-hua Zhang  Bin Zhang  Xiao-bing Lu  Hui-ce He  Xue-min Wu  Yi-fei Dong 《China Geology》2022,5(2):300-309

Natural gas hydrates (NGHs) are a new type of clean energy with great development potential. However, it is urgent to achieve safe and economical NGHs development and utilization. This study established a physical model of the study area using the FLAC^3D software based on the key parameters of the NGHs production test area in the South China Sea, including the depressurization method, and mechanical parameters of strata, NGHs occurrence characteristics, and the technological characteristics of horizontal wells. Moreover, this study explored the law of influences of the NGHs dissociation range on the stability of the overburden strata and the casing structure of a horizontal well. The results are as follows. With the dissociation of NGHs, the overburden strata of the NGHs dissociation zone subsided and formed funnel-shaped zones and then gradually stabilized. However, the upper interface of the NGHs dissociation zone showed significant redistribution and discontinuity of stress. Specifically, distinct stress concentration and corresponding large deformation occurred in the build-up section of the horizontal well, which was thus prone to suffering shear failure. Moreover, apparent end effects occurred at the end of the horizontal well section and might cause the deformation and failure of the casing structure. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures in the build-up section and at the end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well to prevent damage and ensure the wellbore safety in the long-term NGHs exploitation.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

高温焙烧对白云母晶体结构和物性影响研究     

谢宇风  田亚铭  熊维威  邓苗  黎晓海  刘向彬 《矿物岩石》2021,41(4):25-31

通过X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线粉晶衍射分析、热重分析、扫描电镜等表征手段,研究焙烧温度对白云母晶体结构特征、物性变化的影响.结果表明:白云母在25～1 200℃温度范围的加热过程变化主要分为三个阶段:25～500℃,该焙烧温度段对白云母的晶体结构、光学性质、表面形貌影响甚小;600～1 000℃,白云母虽保持片层状晶体结构,但羟基脱出使得其片层内结构进行微调,d002晶面间距由1.010 nm增加至1.021 nm,此温度段内白云母由透明态转为不透明态,色泽由无色变为淡黄色,表面形貌凹凸不平,层面出现皱褶;1 100℃以上,白云母晶体结构完全被破环,形成由少量莫来石、三氧化二铝以及大量非晶态硅氧化合物组成的熔融物,该熔融物不透明,层面疏松,极易脆裂,内含大量微孔隙,白云母物性产生显著变化.  相似文献   

长江中下游六省大气甲烷柱浓度时空分布   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

冯敏玉  张根  夏玲君  熊劦  李柏贞  孔萍  占明锦  张玉霞 《地球化学》2021,50(1):121-132

甲烷(CH4)是造成气候变暖的主要温室气体之一。为了了解长江中下游水稻种植区CH4浓度的分布情况,本次研究基于温室气体观测卫星(greenhouse gases observing satellite,GOSAT)和大气红外探测仪(atmospheric infrared sounder,AIRS)卫星反演的数据产品,对我国长江中下游六省大气CH4柱浓度的时空分布特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,由GOSAT反演的长江中下游六省大气CH4浓度呈逐年增长趋势,其年均浓度由2011年的1817×10^?9增长至2018年的1875×10^?9,高于东三省、华北平原和全国平均水平。区域平均年增长量为8.2×10^?9 a^?1。各省年际增长幅度略有差异,纬度偏低的江西、湖南和浙江三省大气CH4浓度高且增长量偏大,纬度偏高的湖北、安徽和江苏三省大气CH4浓度略低且增长量偏小。长江中下游六省大气CH4呈现较强的季节变化特征,湖北、湖南、江西和浙江峰值出现在9月,安徽、江苏峰值出现在8月。垂直方向上长江中下游六省CH4浓度随气压降低,浓度逐渐减小,呈现出明显的季节变化特征,近地面层GOSAT反演的最高值出现在夏季,最低值出现在春季;高层最高值出现在秋季,最低值出现在春季。AIRS反演的大气CH4浓度空间分布上北高南低,与GOSAT反演结果不一致,可能由于AIRS主要反映了对流层中层大气状况而GOSAT更多的反映了近地面层大气CH4的变化。其垂直方向上呈现高度越高,浓度越低,不同高度上秋季浓度均最高。  相似文献